Final Strategic Plan - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 8 Words: 2388 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2017/09/25 Category Advertising Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? FINAL STRATEGIC PLAN Final Strategic Plan Jerome Anderson-Harris University of Phoenix Bus 475 07/21/09 Final Strategic Plan Kynfolk Kennel (KK) is a professional, well-established kennel located in Laveen, Arizona. We consider ourselves one of the top Bully breeders in the world. Here at Kynfolk Kennel, we breed only the highest quality American Pit Bull Terriers. It is our belief that quality is not just a matter of pedigree; it is a complete balance of care, nutrition, socialization, and exercise that measures the high standard of quality of the American Bully. At Kynfolk Kennels, we are very proud of our achievements in producing some of the worlds most eccentric American Bullies, from our prized foundation Bullies that come from top grand champion ancestry, to the worlds most consistent and proven bloodline, RAZORS EDGE†. The excellence we strive for at Kynfolk Kennel allows us to produce dogs with great temperament, correct conformation, and compact structure w ith substance, amazing musculature, and beautiful headpieces. Are mission is to give the best to the best. Here at Kynfolk Kennel, â€Å"We Are The Best, At What We Do! Socialization and exercise are very important factors in raising the ultimate companion, and here at Kynfolk Kennel our dogs are raised around people, and are provided with plenty of time and room for exercise and socialization to ensure that all of our customers are completely satisfied with the ultimate bully we provide. All the resident dogs at Kynfolk Kennel are put through a rigorous exercise and training program, in addition to being fed the highest quality nutrition available for canines. These lengths are a small price to pay to ensure we have the highest quality and healthiest breeding stock available that are able to reach their maximum potential and reproductive success. The following SWOTT analysis captures key strengths and weaknesses, opportunities, and threats within the company and describes t he threats facing Kynfolk Kennels. Some strengths of the organization are viewed as strong relationships with the Humane Society and local breeders. Ample time to dedicate to the care of the animals, ideal facility, and high customer loyalty are just a few strengths involved. Weaknesses would be lack of visibility in the community, a limited marketing budget, limited quantity, and limited capacity. Each of the strengths and weaknesses are ideal for Kynfolk Kennels. Breeding Pit Bulls is a growing market with a significant percentage of the market still not aware that Kynfolk Kennel exists. With some of the opportunities such as fixed costs that are reduced when spread over multiple animals is one of the business opportunities, along with the ability to make money and not have to significantly modify their lifestyle to adequately address the canines needs is another. Analyzing the threats that come with the market structure was also very important for the business. Some threats that would be analyzed is the slump in the economy which twill reduce peoples discretionary income, thereby reducing their opportunity to travel and purchase animals at the price you willing to make maximum profit from. The competition primarily takes the form of a kennel. The setup for a kennel is typically an interior space for the dog to sleep and a corridor for the dogs to walk around. Most kennels offer feeding several times a day and some offer the option of walks. The biggest threat is new competitors realizing the true market potential and wanting to start their own business. With the development of Kynfolk Kennel, innovation, environmental, and competitive analysis are some of the external forces and trends that come with the business. With breeding a very popular animal, reinventing the way of advertising is necessary if receiving a return on the invested time and money is wanted. With the worldwide web being so large, advertising is endless. Combining a website, myspa ce. com, azcentral. com and many other free websites, it allows advertising all over the world. With the introduction of blogs on each site, it allows quick response to questions asked about the dogs and the kennel. Environmentally the Kennel poses no threats. The dogs do carry a bad reputation however; the owners and potential buyers are responsible for all actions of the animals. The dogs have great temperament and wonderful personalities. The benefits that Kynfolk Kennel advertise to keep that competitive advantage, is the pedigree of the animals and the well maintenance. There are thousands of homemade breeders that sell their dogs for hundreds of dollars but cannot guarantee the health of the animal. Here at Kynfolk Kennels we stand behind each dog sold. Kynfolk Kennel resides on acre property complete with a newly constructed, state of the art, indoor and outdoor, climate controlled kennel facility to include specialized breeding and whelping areas, and 5 large 50 x 100 foot running and training areas for recreation. Here at Kynfolk Kennel, our dogs are highly valued and a great deal of planning, effort, and care has gone into providing the safest, most comfortable, secure facility the dog world has to offer without sparing any expense in the process. Kynfolk Kennel is a state of the art facility where we place a huge emphasis on our resident dogs’ husbandry, and an excellent customer service for every bully we place. In order to provide the highest quality service and information to all of our valued customers, we have put together an excellent team of ambitious staff members to specialize in every aspect of a true American Bully. We provide veterinarian recommended worming and age  appropriate shots each litter of our pit bull puppies. We also provide a health certificate from our veterinarian that guarantee of health plus shot record from the kennel. We take great pride in providing the best environment for our pit bull puppies, b oth mentally and physically. This takes a lot of time, work and yes money. The prices of the dogs reflect the passion invested in the breeding. What is received in return is worth it. Kynfolk Kennel stands behind any pit bull puppy sold. We treat our pit bulls as family and will sell our puppies only to people that feel the same way. We breed for the positive promotion of the American Pit bull Terrier. In our opinion, the dogs are bred for family pets, weight pulling, working and pleasing their owners. At Kynfolk Kennel, our pit bulls are not bred, sold or used for any illegal or inhumane purpose. We reserve the right to refuse sale to anyone we feel does not meet this standard for the pit bull ownership. With the reputation that these dogs carry, it is very important that Kynfolk Kennel address the needs of the customers and guarantee great temperament. Kynfolk Kennel strives to be one of the best kennels in America, and with that motivation, Kynfolk Kennel will continue to beco me more innovative to separate us from the competition. With the development of Kynfolk Kennel (KK), the strategic objectives that are used to obtain the mission and vision are simple. Maintaining a kennel a productive kennel, takes a lot of hard work, time patience, Knowledge and money. Kynfolk Kennel financial, customer value, process, growth perspectives are all objectives involved in the outcome productivity of the organization. In regards to the financial perspectives, KK focus is the return on investment (ROI). With the amount of person-hours, involved KK wants to keep a competitive advantage in order to maximize profits. With the generated revenue from each puppy sold, 50 percent is reinvested in to the organization to fund the living expenses of the dogs such as food, registrations fees, vaccinations, toys, landscape repair, and housing. The remaining profit is considered net income, which is after all expenses have been deducted. KK is a small organization that would no have much need for shareholder value considering all funds invested is by the owners. KK takes a lot of pride in customer satisfaction. Strategically KK makes sure the puppies are healthy, have a clean environment, and well tempered. KK stands behind any puppy sold guarantying that it will be in the best of health. Customer service plays a large role in customers returning to purchase other dogs or referring the kennel to friends and family. All businesses experience retention and at KK, superior customer service is number one however customers are not always right! When this occurs or if a customer is unhappy, we will try are best to accommodate them by offering there payments on a purchase of another dog or future breeding. In the process operations perspective the strategic objectives are productivity and operations metrics. The breeding of the dogs are seasonal, each female can be bred twice a year with the maximum of 12-14 puppies per litter. At any point through out t he year, there can be a total of 30-40 puppies in the nursing department of the kennel. The deliveries of the puppies are staggered from female to female however; the operations of the facility can be over whelming at times. The strategic productivity improvements would be to increase person-hours by hiring some help or decrease the number of breeding in the year. KK profitability would surely decrease if less breeding took place so a metrics system would need to be developed to strategize which breeding take place, the expected dates of delivery, and the anticipated revenue to be made from each litter. The learning and growth perspectives include level of organization capability, nature of organization culture, and technological innovations. These three objectives also play a large role in the development of KK. Having the ability to expand the organization from a centralized location to an actual larger location will take time and net income from ROI. The nature of KK cultur e is widely spread across the world. Many people attempt to become a breeder and fail. Any person that decides to take on the responsibility to become a breeder of any animal should always know the pros and cons of the business. There will be times when no puppies are sold for weeks at a time sometimes months. This line of business cannot always guarantee revenue at a consistent pace. Unlike other organizations, you cannot file for bankruptcy or throw in the towel. You are dealing with animals that depend on your support for food and shelter. American Pit Bull Terrier breeding is a culture in itself. It takes a certain individual or staff to bypass all the negative aspects of raising and breeding the animals and look forward to the positives on how happy you will make someone’s family. Starting a dog kennel business involves a little more work and preparation than your average pet services business. Before you begin, finding out what the zoning restrictions are in your are a, and whether or not you are required to obtain a license to run your kennel is key. At Kynfolk Kennel records each dog feeding and exercise schedule, and set up an insurance policy to provide adequate coverage for the kennel. The objectives for the first three years of operation include, creating a service-based company whose goal is to exceed customers expectations, to increase the number of clients by 20% per year through superior performance and word-of-mouth referrals. To develop a sustainable home business surviving off its own cash flow. In the market segmentation, Kynfolk Kennel target market are people who truly look out for their dogs best interests and can afford the task of nurturing the animal. The other component of the target market is the customers must have enough money to cover the difference in cost, not everyone can afford the price variance of the puppies. Kynfolk Kennel believes that their service is so distinct and valuable with no competition that litt le will be needed to build a customer base other than faithfully providing their service. Kynfolk Kennel will be working with respected veterinarians as well as placing an advertisement in the Human Society newsletter as the means of communicating Kynfolk Kennel availability to the public. This will be done to develop business that will then report back to the veterinarian. Once a good review is passed back to the veterinarian, this will become a good source of customers for two reasons, 1) people typically ask their veterinarian for referrals for pet-related service providers, 2) veterinarians are very likely to recommend a breeder as they clearly recognize its benefit relative to the other service offerings. These will be the only strategies used to develop a loyal customer base. Lastly, a website will be developed as a tool to communicate information about Kynfolk Kennel to information seekers. The sales strategy will be to develop a list of happy past customers (not diffic ult) who are willing to act as referrals for Kynfolk Kennel. Once this list is developed, their names will be given out when a prospective client calls. The advantages of a referral are so obvious relative to kennels productivity that it  will not be difficult to get customers. The website will be developed to provide a source of information to prospective dog owners. In essence, it is Kynfolk Kennel version of a brochure. For serious inquiries, a list of referrals is available on request. The site will have information and pictures about the owners and their qualifications, the license and bonding information, the facilities, and the services such as breeding and studding. The other side to this demand is that in order to maintain all of these advantages, the operation must maintain maximum of 10 dogs so there will not be the possibility of growing the operation beyond its capacity. In regards to milestones, Kynfolk Kennel will have several early on. The business plan completi on will be done as a roadmap for the organization. This will be an indispensable tool for the ongoing performance and improvement of the company. Setting up the facilities, reaching full capacity, and making sure the initial strategic development is complete. With the help of the internet, KK has made it possible to reach people all over the world. Technological innovation in the kennel has allowed the processing of orders, deposits, and payments to be done electronically. With the addition of a merchant account that accessible online, using resources such as PayPal, and electronic deposit authorizations it has made the book keeping a very quick task. All purchases and sales are balanced on a excel spreadsheet that’s converted into a balance sheet that’s printable for filing purposes Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Final Strategic Plan" essay for you Create order

Frank Lloyd Wrights An Kindergarten Math Standard Of...

1) My lesson will be addressing the kindergarten math standard of identifying and describing shapes. In kindergarten, this consists of being able to identify various shapes such as squares, circles, rectangles, triangles, hexagons, cubes, cones, cylinders, and spheres. To do this we will first go over what each of the shapes looks like and we will also review how to describe where a shape is, above, below, next to, on top of etc. We will make use of Frank Lloyd Wright’s artwork in order to review shapes and location. We will discuss the artwork as a class and talk about the shapes that we can identify in the artwork. We will then label the different shapes on the board as a class, to help children who are still learning the shapes by†¦show more content†¦I will then have the children get into pairs and describe their worksheets. They will tell their partner where certain shapes are located, what the shape looks like, and their size. Once the students have identified shapes in Frank Lloyd Wright’s artwork and have a solid understanding of shapes and locations. Then the students will get to create their own Frank Lloyd Wright stained glass window out of various art materials. Supplies: 1. Pencils Either wooden or mechanical #2 pencils 2. Markers preferably Crayola and at least a pack of (red, orange, yellow, green, blue, purple) 3. Elmer’s Glue Sticks 4. Elmer’s Liquid Glue 5. Bowl to hold glue (paper bowl) 6. Large Paint Brushes with Large Handles (Melissa and Doug Jumbo Paint Brushes) 7. Large White Pieces of Construction Paper 12x18 8. Tissue Paper in an assortment of colors (students will use this to cut out their various shapes) a. Red b. Orange c. Yellow d. Green e. Blue f. Purple g. Pink h. Turquoise 9. Construction Paper 9x12 in an assortment of colors (students will use this to cut out their various shapes) a. Red b. Orange c. Yellow d. Green e. Blue f. Purple g. Pink 10. Black Construction Paper 9x12 a. Cut into various length strips in various widths b. Probably about half an inch wide to a quarter of an inch wide and varying in length from 4 inches to 12 inches 11. Scissors (elementary school size and also the ones that only cut paper) 12. Pre-Cut circles, squares, triangles, rectangles, hexagons out of

Explore the differences between working with individuals and working with groups in the community context Free Essays

When looking at community work firstly one must try ad define what is meant when talking about the community. Community can have many different meaning and due to this can be very hard to find one answer to help us to understand the word community. According to the dictionary community is ‘a group of people living in one place, the public in general’ ( Collins pocket dictionary, Collins, 1982) although this offers a place to start it doesn’t help us to understand community it’s self. We will write a custom essay sample on Explore the differences between working with individuals and working with groups in the community context or any similar topic only for you Order Now Both community and youth work both have totally different aims and have changed over the years. Youth work traditionally started as a form of informal education as a way of getting children involved with different activities although now it is becoming more and more formal. It started of as a collective idea where young people in the same social background could meet and the youth workers could work with them around these issues. Ultimately until very recently youth workers just helped the youth to over come their problems. Now in the modern society it is moving much more towards formal education where the youth workers take an active role on the administrating of the education of the youth. Working with individuals compared to groups of the community is totally different and throws up totally different problems. I’m going to look at the advantages of both first and then apply them to some common community issues to see which works best when put into perspective. Individual work usually involves working on a one to one basis with some one either simply talking about issues that worry them or offering help with a problem that they have. A huge advantage of working one to one is the fact that you can offer confidentiality to that person who has approached you. Due to this it enables the person the open up a lot more as they know that it isn’t going to be over heard by any other person. Working on this basis also allows much more sensitive issues to be addressed, like the issues of the home background. By working one to one it enables you to get a lot more information out of the individual that maybe they are ashamed to address in public. By using this way of helping people you can form strong bonds between you and the person who you are helping and trust can be built up from here. Eventually becoming a friend of the person and being seen less as a helper but more of an equal, this type of relationship can also a big help when dealing with emotional problems. Since the worker becomes more of an equal rather than a helper it can be addressed in a more relaxed way and hopefully be more beneficial to the individual. Although individual work has many strengths it doesn’t go without its weaknesses. By just having a one to one session the person does not have the social contact with they may need and attain by talking it though as a group. It also fails to let the individual know that they are not the only one with the problem that they have. By addressing it as a group the whole group can share their feeling on the issue but one a one to one basis the person becomes very self reliant on that issue and can some times fail to notice tat they aren’t the only ones suffering form that problem. Community workers only a have small money pots. By offering one to one help for everyone with a problem would be stupid. Individual sessions take up more time than group work and therefore allow the money that would be spent on the workers hours to be spent on other things like a project for raising awareness of sexual health. One aim of community work is to gain a sense of belonging and togetherness within that chosen area. By address each problem on a one to one basis it defeats the problem. Surely by addressing the problem as a group it would bring about a sense of understanding. By working with just individual people there is always the problem with the fact that they could become attached to that person or even dependant on you, which ideally should not happen as they should be learning to trust their peer group not an outsider. Although it may not happen on a regular basis it is still a problem of one on one interview. Group work although at first many seem a good idea has its down falls as well. Originally used on mass by the uniformed organisations, it offers a way of getting to know each other in a relaxed environment. Using group worked in the community has big advantages. Since community can mean togetherness by addressing a problem as a group it allows everyone to be come involed. Take for example crime. By working as group to address it, it is both easier and How to cite Explore the differences between working with individuals and working with groups in the community context, Papers

The Third World

Question: This assessment task requires you to write an essay on a selected chapter of the eText, in addition to at least two other items of scholarly work dealing with the same historical events, developing a detailed argument by selecting evidence, writing with clarity and precision, and correctly citing the references from which you have drawn your evidence. Answer: Introduction This Paper is primarily concerned with the formation of the Third World and the impact of social changes on the Third World. Third world countries are known as those countries, which are dominated by the other countries (Aldcroft, 2006). Here Hobsbawms Age of Extremes (1914-1991) is going to be excavated, he had written so many chapters about the beginning of 20th century. Several; drawbacks of that time has been expressed. Decolonizing had changed the social dimensions of that time. The political dimension of that time changed drastically. At that time, the numbers of independent states, which were independent, had been increased by five times. In 1939, there were only one but now the numbers of independent states in Africa are now fifty. Decolonization has brought social reformation and due to the decolonization, the political condition of the society has been changing rapidly (Anon, 2016). In 19th century, there were only twenty independent states in America but afterwards twenty decolonized states are added. The important factor was not lies in their numbers but in the enormous and growing numbers. After the Second World War, most of the demographics had been trying to enroll their in the dependent world. There was a significant changes and the change was continuous. This change ultimately helped in balancing the population of the world. The first industrial revolution had been conducted in the sixteenth century (Barnet, 1968). This revolution in 19th century helped to understand the difference between the developed and developing country. Developing countries are known as the Third World and no these countries are trying to uplift their position in the global competitive world. It is necessary for the governing body of these Third World Countries to understand strategies are necessary for the development of the countries. On the other hand, the population originates from Europe are known as the Developed World. Main Body of analysis T has been seen from the perspective of Hobsbawm, it can be observed that in 1750, there are less than 20% population, which is just one third of the population of todays. This age also helped to face several drawbacks and among the several other drawbacks, on e of the major drawbacks was Age of Catastrophe. Age of Catastrophe had frozen the situation as well as the growth but still from the middle of the period, the growth had started increasing (Egendorf, 2000). Not only that the population had grown rapidly but also the rate had crossed all level of precedents. In addition, most of this had come from all the regions, which are one conquered or ruled by the handful empires. These empires were ruling the state on continuous basis. Being the OCED presented the nation as the part of the developed world. Most of the rich countries or the developed countries are the part of the OCED. Getting admission in OCED helps the country to be the part of richest countries in the world. Neverthele ss, in 1980s, only 15 percent population or humanity of total world population was presented as the collective population of entire developed world (Harrison, 1981). The population of developed countries are not increasing due to their unwillingness to reproduce next generation. In Developed World, the population was no longer interested in giving birth of the child or in reproducing themselves. On the other hand, it has been seen that the population of poor countries had been increasing and there were no sign of improvement. Most of the poor countries are suffering from high level of poverty still the population is increasing. The economist was trying to stabilize the population of the country at billion but it was utterly impossible for the governing body to judge the population of the country. According to the Short Twentieth Century, the population would be stabilized at the ten billions (IFLA and the Third World, 1987). Still it could not possible to determine the population of the world. Estimation on the world population could not be determined. Since 1950, it had been observed that the population of the world had been redoubled within the span of forty years. Without any historical precedent, the population of Africa had increased less than thirty years. If the 60% of the total population, whose age are less than 15 years then it can be considered that the social and economic situation have very small impact on the development of the population. The basic difference between the developed and developing countries is the population. The population of the developed countries was always far higher than before. Demographic explosion in the poor countries of the world is the reason behind the lack of development; it had become the serious worry at the end of the Golden Age (IFLA and the Third World, 1987). It had considered as the most fundamental c change. The birth rate of the poor countries is higher than the developed country and this is the prime difference between the developed and developing countries. Even the mortality rate dropped since 1940s and even in 19th century, the mortality rate had been drooped down more than four to five times. On the other hand, technological advancement of the Europe and development of Europe had significant impact on the growth of the developing countries. As a developed country, Europe was trying to maintain the environmental standard as well as the technological advancement. The impact of the modern technology had noteworthy effect on the growth of the country. This technological advancement worked work like the Hurricane in the Golden Age. Due to the technological advancement, the world of the drugs and transportation had been improved significantly (Kapoor, 2015). In 1940, the world had been concentrating on the development of medicines. At that time people had been dying in massive scale due to lack of treatment procedures but later with the help of the development of medical system, people of massive scale could be saved. Pharmaceutical innovation and medical innovation of that time could save life of many people. For the first time in 1940, the people were understanding the need o f medicine, which could able to save their life (Kelly and Elliott, 1982). Before 1940, the life of the people could not be saved but due to the medical advancement, the life of the people could be saved. In 1940, only smallpox prevented but later several medicines had been formed to treat the patients. At that time, Birth rate has increased; simultaneously, the mortality rate had been decreased so the population had been increased on continuous basis. Lower mortality rate is the prime reason behind the high population in the countries in spite of developed and developing countries. In Mexico, after twenty-five years the population had shot up but there was no significant change in the economy as well (Kurian, 1987). On the other hand, one of the incidental matters is the raised the gap between the poor and rich. The gap between the backward and poor people was increasing. In addition, the impact is not limited to the people of the nation but also to the country. The gap remained same even if the economical growth of the countries had been same. Twice of GD P and Twice of population are another factors. If the population of the country is half then GDP can be distributed among the people but on the other hand, of the population of the country is doubled, in that case, GDP of the country is going to be half. The population of Mexico had been doubled in the period of thirty years so GDP cannot be distributes among the population in form of double (Lewis, 2011). While working on the any of the factor of the Third World Country, it had been understood that population explosion is one of the significant factor. Due to the population explosion the third world country, the GDP cannot be distributed equally. From the history of the developed countries, it can be determined that to be the developed country, it is necessary for the governing body to control the population of the country (Mehmet, 2002). High population can have significant affect on the growth of the nations. From the expert call of the developed country, it can be determined that The Demographic Transition helps to stabilize the population of the country. It is the advice of the experts to work on the population of the country, which is the major drawback of the Developing Country. The population of the developing country is so high that the gap among the poor and rich or the gap among the forward and backward is increasing. Governing body of the developing countries should adopt some strategies and those strategies are for the betterment of the country (Robinson, 1971). Demographic Transition is the process that was taken place in several countries especially in the countries of East Asia. According to the Demographic Transition, low Birth rate and low Death rate are the process of controlling the birth. On the other hand, governing body should put focus on the birth control campaigns, which helps to spread the news that one should not have more than one or two children especially in the developed countries. In the end of the Short Twentieth Century, it could be understood that due to huge population, most of the poor countries are unable to advance in the global competitive world (Third World, 1985). Only ex-Soviet Block can able to get success with the help of the effective strategy. Increasing population is one of the reasons behind the continuous poverty. Countries with the huge population have always suffered due to higher population and the governing body of the specific country has to feed about ten millions additional mouths every years. Moreover, to control the population of those countries, governing body of the respective countries is taking ruthless attitudes to control the birth or other kind of family limitations are going to imposed on them in order to control the birth (Third world foundation news, 1986). This ruthless attitude is hampering the growth of the country as well as the mind of the citizens. Limitations are affecting the mind of the people. In china, one child policy is trying to reduce the population growth of the country. This One Child Policy act is trying control the population of the developing countries and this is considered as the most popular method of reducing the population of the nation. For the poor countries or Third World Countries or developing countries as they emerged into the post war and the postcolonial world, in that case, these were not the prime concern of the poor countries, there are several other things, on which the countries should concentrate. The problem with the developing countries was the developing countries always had to follow the imperialism of the dominating country. The developing countries had to follow the pathway of the developed countries. Conquered countries had domination on the developed countries. As ex-soviet union had achieved only success and most of the developing countries were depending on the success factors of Soviet Unions. Soviet Union was granted as the most popular developing countries, which had successfully shifted their position from the developing countries to developed countries (Third world foundation news, 1987). By using this theory, most of the countries are trying to shift their position from the developing countries to developed countries. Most of the countries of these days had tried to implement the voting system, with the help of the parliamentary republic system; people of that nation were free to choose their own minister. In the democratic republic, the single guiding party guides the people. The people of the democratic countries should follow the one party instead of two or three parties. On the other hand, the countries did not need to follow the guide of different ministers. The ideas were simple driven by only one minister so there was no trouble (Third World foundation news, 1989). Under the single guideline, the people could able to understand things more specifically. Often it is seen that people in one particular nation are highly suffering due to contradictory ideas but if the governing body is same then in that case, people do not need to think much on the engrossed ideas. In practice, these labels were indicating t the development of new states and the wish of the new states was to stimulate internationally. These labels were as unrealistic as the official constitutions. In most of the cases, it had been seen that the political condition of these countries are not suitable to live. This was so evident in the new states especially which were of communist type. The authoritarian structure and single leading party were the combination of the developed country. In addition, this combination is totally unworthy or unsuitable for the state of the developed countries or more precisely for the state of the non-western countries than the republic background (Third world prize, 1980). On the other hand, from the analysis of the Hobsbawm it could be understood that the one of the most significant political principles was the superiority of the civilian party over the military. Governing body of these countries is taken care of the civilian party rather than the military party. Giving priorities to the Civilian rather than the military is the process of reducing the power of military on the common people (Third World'sperestroika, 1989). On the other hand, in 1980s ,it had been found that the there were many revolutionary-inspired states, like Algeria, Benin, Burma, Madagascar, Ethiopia, Somalia and Libya are the countries, which had been trying to reduce the power of military and had been trying to provide chances to the civilian to choose their own leaders. Both Syria and Iraq are under the power of the Baath Socialist Party so these two countries are under the strict supervision of military. Iraq and Syria are running their operations under the strict supervision s tough in rival versions. The militants have been taking care of the activities of Iraq and Syria in 1951. The Third World is affected by the dominance of military. The main body of The Third World communist regimes is North Korea, Indochinese, China and Cuba. After excluding the main body of The Third World Countries and this long-established regimes had sprung from the Mexican Revolution. Among the several other countries, India is at the top of the position of The Third World country and India is considered as the most impressive example of the Third World state. Now the governing body of India is trying to present the country as the secular country; along with that, the country is concentrating on the unbroken civilian supremacy (Wolfà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Phillips, 1979). On the contrary, it can be predicted that if any third world country like India is trying to sustain its position in the global world of developed country then it is necessary for the governing body of the country should put concentration on the development of fair election policies. After taking a leap from Hobsbawms perception about The Third World, this research paper is trying to excavate the point of view of Peter Worsely. Worsely (1970) has depicted the political side of The Third World Countries. In accordance with Worsely (1970) this paper is not providing any information related to Communist Countries as Peter does not believe that most of the communist countries are sharing same problems and there is a significant difference between the political cultures of The Third Worlds Countries. On the other hand, Peter (1970) also added that the problems in The Third World Countries are rising due to ignorance. On the other hand, Chamdra Talpade Mohanty and Ann Russo (1991) are depicting about the condition of the women in the Third world countries. C.T. Mohanty (1991) is stating about womens involvement in political party. Allen C. Kelley (1988) has depicted about the impact of economic factors on the population of The Third World. The era is about the demographic history and for thousands years the population of The Third World is growing a snails Speed but now the pace quickened. This is a difficult topic and cannot be addressed from one side. These authors are exhibiting different issues in The Third World Countries. Summary of the paper From the above analysis of the paper, it can be understood the difference between the developed and developing countries. The prime reason behind the developing countries and developed countries can be understood through the poverty level and the prime reason behind being developed country is the increased rate of population (Third World, 1985). It is often seen that after before the development in the medical sector, most of the people are dies due to lack of treatment but after the development in the medical field, the mortality has been reduced. Decrease rate in mortality rate is affecting the population of the nations, high birth rate and low mortality rate is affecting the performance of the country. If is seen from the close quarter, it can be judged that population of most of the developed countries are higher than the developing countries. There are some possible solutions to this and the solutions are the governing body of developed country should put stress on the Birth Con trol Rate of the country, the inhabitant should get chance of choosing their governing body, people should listen to one government rather than several, listening to one minister help the people to understand the rules more clearly. Apart from this, government should reduce the power of military and starts taking charge of the nation. These processes can help the developed country to shift its position from the developed country to developing country. References Aldcroft, D. (2006).Europe's third world: the European periphery in the interwar years. Aldershot, Hants, England: Ashgate Pub. Co. Barnet, R. (1968).Intervention and revolution. New York: World Pub. Co. Egendorf, L. (2000).The Third World. San Diego, Calif.: Greenhaven Press. Harrison, P. (1981).Inside the Third World. Harmondsworth, Middlesex, England: Penguin. IFLA and the Third World. (1987). [The Hague, Netherland]: International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions. Kapoor, I. (2015). The queer Third World.Third World Quarterly, 36(9), pp.1611-1628. Kelly, G. and Elliott, C. (1982).Women's education in the Third World. Albany: State University of New York Press. Kelley, A.C., (1988). Economic consequences of population change in the Third World.Journal of Economic Literature,26(4), pp.1685-1728. Kurian, G. (1987).The encyclopedia of the Third World. New York, N.Y.: Facts on File. Lewis, M. (2011).Boomerang. New York: W.W. Norton Co. Mehmet, O. (2002).Westernizing the Third World. London: Routledge. Mohanty, C.T. and Russo, A., (1991).Third world women and the politics of feminism(Vol. 632). Indiana University Press. Robinson, R. (1971).Developing the third world. Cambridge [England]: University Press. Third world foundation news. (1986).Third World Quarterly, 8(3), pp.1071-1073. Third world foundation news. (1987).Third World Quarterly, 9(4), pp.1449-1461. Third World foundation news. (1987).Third World Quarterly, 9(1), pp.333-334. Third World foundation news. (1989).Third World Quarterly, 11(1), pp.223-225. Third world prize. (1980).Third World Quarterly, 2(2), pp.311-314. Third World. (1985). Penang, Malaysia: Third World Network. Third World'sperestroika. (1989).Third World Quarterly, 11(1), pp.5-5. Wolfà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Phillips, L. (1979). Why third world?.Third World Quarterly, 1(1), pp.105-114. Worsley, P., (1970).The third world. University of Chicago Press.

Philosophy Of Medicine Essays (3957 words) -

Philosophy Of Medicine The book, the Spirit Catches You and You Fall Down by Anne Fadiman is an objective look into the world of two different cultures and their belief systems. The viewpoints of the Hmong and of the American doctors represent Hmong culture and the root of Western medicine. The book takes into account how two cultures, rather, two completely opposite worlds are "collided" and their impact on each other (Fadiman 1997). The book uncovers the underlying meaning of how different Western medicine can be from different cultures and its challenges and consequences. In addition, Fadiman questions the very basics of philosophy by taking into account the simple metaphysics and moral ethics that face Lia's doctors and parents and what role society plays. The book questions the belief system of Western medicine as well as the Hmong beliefs and cultural practices. Fadiman encourages us to think of the root of Western culture and medicine as well as learning about the Hmong's beliefs. Which is more relevant? When a patient is in a life or death situation, whose opinion and expertise on medicine holds higher ground? In the case of Lia Lee, this was the problem. Why was Hmong culture and practice irrelevant in the eyes of the many doctors and nurses that cared for Lia? Reading this book, it is obvious to see the philosophy of western medicine versus the Hmong culture. This book helps clearly define western culture and its biomedical system by contrasting it to the Hmong's. The book, more than anything, else analyzes the epistemological, metaphysical, and moral viewpoints of both western medicine and that of the Hmong culture and questions their validity and effectiveness. Epistemology is the theory of knowledge(Tauber). In this book, the theory of knowledge can be posed by one question. How did Lea get sick? This question leads to two different viewpoints ? Western medicine and culture and the Hmong. The root of Western medicine is biomedicine. What makes biomedicine unique and sets it apart from other cultures is the idea that there is only one answer and one truth behind that. Simply stated, it is a matter of facts and the question of what, not how(Tauber). This is the primary difference between Hmong culture and Western medicine. In the book, Lia's doctors wanted to know the one problem that was causing Lia to have severe seizures. They neglected to ask how Lia got sick. The view of Lia's parents was the complete opposite. They wanted to know how Lia got sick and if this meant Lia was blessed with a gift and would become a "txiv neeb(Fadiman)." To understand the epistemological perspective of the Hmong, we must first take into account their cultural identity and how they practiced it. The Hmong were adamant in their belief system and were wary of the doctors in Merced in there care of Lia. Under their care, they believed; Lia would have been healed. The Hmong cultures to cure an illness, in Lia's case the quag dab peg, there were animal sacrifices made. Lia's parents say that Lia's soul had left her when her sister had unintentionally slammed the door. This rationalization that the door frightened Lia and was the cause of the series of medical problems she would face, is an example of the epistemological view of Lia's parents. It was interesting to read in the book, as Faddiman recounts, the way the doctors treated Lia's parents. Because of the cultural barrier, communication problems pertained to everything from signing a document to administration of medication for Lia. Because of the cultural barrier, there were problems of moral ethics as well. Did the doctors ever take into account the parents wishes for their child? Lia's parents believed that the only medication they were willing to give Lia would be the kind that would be fast and preferably in a pill. The Hmong culture is against shots and blood being taken in large quantities as well as anything that could affect the dab and cause evil spirits to enter her soul(Fadiman). Epistemologically speaking, the doctors had a completely different viewpoint of what happened to Lia than her parents. From the doctor's point of view, their main concern was not primarily how Lia got sick but rather where the existence of the illness came from. There main goal as Lia's doctors was to stop the seizures that were taking control of Lia's body and to do that they needed to know where the problem was located. Was the uncontrollable epilepsy caused by a neurological deficit in

Peter The Great essays

Peter The Great essays The development of a particular region sometimes relies on the strength and intelligence of an individual. Throughout the years, many have proven themselves worthy of this exhausting task. When Peter Romanov was declared czar at age ten, he never could have guessed that one day, historians and others would refer to him as Peter the Great. 17th century Russia was undergoing tremendous change and modernization, and it Europe was the place people wanted to be if they desired to see the most recent technology and clothing styles. This was true all over Europe except for Russia, a very large country lying right under the Artic Ocean. Time seemed to have slowed down and stopped completely here. Technology was extremely poor compared to her neighboring countries. Nature easily ruled over most of the natives and serfs who lived as peasants or slaves. These are the folks who were relied on for labor, because of the lack of technology. The merciless Russian winters could bring an army to its knees, and deathbeds if supplies were limited. The government was very close to that of a medieval one, as well as Russias military forces. Elsewhere in Europe Holland was constructing a grand empire and Sweden was assembling an invincible army. Then Peter came to absolute power, and his obsession with the modern world outside of Russia brought along a transformation that affected society from all angles. Peter acquired numerous skills and abilities growing up in the Russian countryside. One of these was his ability to battle as soldiers did in wars. He carried this knowledge with him throughout his rule, and it changed the process in which men were selected for rank in his army. Usually, the wealthier a man was the higher his rank as a soldier. Peter disagreed with this law. He altered it to have men of experience, no matter what their social status, have a higher rank than men ...

A Practical Guide to Successful Teaching Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

A Practical Guide to Successful Teaching - Essay Example To do this, facilitating the learning process becomes vital. This is because it is the role of the teacher to interact and professionally relate with the students in a manner that enhances their educational welfare. In so doing, the teaching-learning roles of a teacher are met. To complement this process, teacher responsibilities are factored in. This is done by ensuring that the teacher constantly monitors changes in the teaching and learning environment so that any vital changes are adopted in a timely manner. Most importantly, ethics and professional conduct crown the teacher’s responsibilities. The discharge of the teacher’s role and responsibilities inform the completeness of the teaching cycle. Of course, the cycle is characterized by critical boundaries that have to be observed at all times. While the teaching-learning environment requires student-teacher interaction and professional relations be maintained, the process is subject to boundaries that outline the extent to which such interactions and relations can go. Striking a balance between the issues, concerns, interests, goals, and objectives of teaching and learning maintains a professional perspective of the role, responsibilities and boundaries of a teacher in terms of the teaching cycle (Ingleby, Dawn, & Powell, 2011, p.92). The educational setting is broad in scope and practice. As a result, the applicable legislation and codes of practice vary across differentiated fields of specialization. The education fraternity is made up of numerous subjects, all of which contribute significantly to the success of the education sector. The education organizational setting is regulated and/or governed by numerous current legislation, among them: Equality Act 2010, Race Relations (Amendment) Act 2000, Data Protection Act 1998,  Special Educational Needs and Disability Act 2001, and Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 (LSC, 2007). Moreover, in specific fields like social sciences, there are applicable legislation that regulates, monitor, and govern the training and execution of examinations.

Organisational behaviour Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Organisational behaviour - Essay Example Generation Y comprises of people born between 1981 and 1994 with some others extending the period to 2002. They are depicted as ethnically diverse people who are optimistic, achievement oriented, confident, independent, and digitally savvy and dislike being micromanaged (Tapscott, 2009). Millennials are joining organisations in large numbers and may presently contribute to the largest percentage of employees in a company. As they join the workforce, new demands are emerging in order to meet their requirements, which seem to differ from those of the boomers and the Generation X employees. Therefore, companies are creating models based on evaluation of Generation Y’s values, characteristics, and aspirations, then applying them with some well-known theories to incorporate this generation into the workplace (Pepermans and Kerpel, 2008:907). Analysis of the Main Issues facing Management at Rising Entertainment Rising entertainment has a few problems when it comes to the management of Generation Y employees. Firstly, the Generation Y and Generation X employees seem to be in a dispute. The Generation Y wants the Generation X employees to immediately adopt the new ideas that they possess. Josh introduces the idea of marketing the new series on websites, blogs and You tube because he thinks that it would improve sales. Sara, on the hand, nods in agreement but quickly brushes off the idea making Josh feel insignificant. The Generation Y employee has great ideas, but forgets to make further plans like the fiscal capacity needed for implementation. Josh seems to possess a pool of new ideas but in his haste, overlooks planning and protocols, a characteristic associated with the Generation Y. Generation Y employees are creative and forward thinking as depicted in the case of Josh (Erickson, 2008). Generation Y employees are impartial towards protocol and traditional power structures that exist within an organisation. This leads to distrust between employees (Erickson, 2008). Josh meets the company’s C.E.O., Sam, and immediately talks about his marketing ideas and how they would increase sales. Sam tells Josh to give a presentation in a meeting scheduled on the following day. Josh is not even aware of the meeting for he is not scheduled to attend. He is not prepared either. Generation Y employees seem to disregard protocol as Josh did, thus conflicting with the other employees. They are in always in a hurry to get push their ideas and see most of them implemented, therefore, going to the extent of bypassing relevant authority. After finding out that Josh contacted Smithson, Sara gets angry because Josh did not follow the right channels (Erickson, 2009). Generation Y employees await daily feedback about their performance and continuous recognition for their contribution. They feel that they have valuable knowledge and should take credit for it (Erickson, 2008). After getting recognised, Generation Y employees want rewards, which are in this case, promotions and flexible calendars. The flexible calendar ensures that they have some free time off the job to enjoy life (Munro, 2009:7). Josh wanted his ideas taken seriously and implemented so that he could be rewarded. Josh can be seen yearning for some free time to enjoy Los Angeles nightlife. He thinks that he can get a senior position by

Ultra Orthodox versus Secular Jews among the Israeli Term Paper

Ultra Orthodox versus Secular Jews among the Israeli - Term Paper Example The world view also comprises of the knowledge of what is held to be true and what is considered false by the individual or society. The world view also includes the ethics held. This therefore means that people with different world views will have different thoughts and attitudes about a given subject. This can be a potential cause of conflict in a multicultural setting. An example of a community that has diverse world views is the Israeli community. The different world views present in the Israeli society means that there are many attitudes that are held in the society towards issues such as sexuality and intimacy. The different world views present in the Israeli society include the ultra orthodox Israeli Jews and the secular community. The two communities are different in the way that they interpret the world around them, and how they carry on their day to day activities. The fundamental difference between the two groups can be seen in their religious beliefs. The differences in r eligions mean that the two groups will have different codes of behavior and ethics. The differences however extend to the values that they hold in regards to different aspects of life. This means that the two groups have different world views when it comes to their views on intimacy and sexuality. The ultra orthodox community in the Israeli culture for example is very strict on matters of sexuality and intimacy. The boys and the girls are not allowed to mingle freely. They are instead expected to attend separate schools. Interaction between the two sexes is discouraged. In regards to intimacy and marriage, the norm in the society is that the man is introduced to the woman for the purposes of marriage. Intimacy between the sexes is reserved for the purposes of procreation. In this society, there is a rule that specifies that all male ejaculations should be vaginally contained. This is reflected in the big families that are characteristic of the community. Marriages are also expected to take place at a young age. Other than that, all forms of intimacy between the men and the women are discouraged. In all sectors of life, the men and the women remain segregated. The ultra orthodox community does not encourage awareness of one’s sexuality for the community. This is reflected in the restrictions that are placed in access of information from the internet and from the mobile phones. The women are generally looked upon as the lesser sex and some of the ultra orthodox publications even have a policy of not publishing pictures of women. Women are expected to maintain a decent style of dressing which is characterized by long skirts or dresses, high necklines that do not expose their bodies and the married women are expected to cover their head. All forms of intimacy and contact before marriage are forbidden which often prevents the people from forming positive and intimate relationships. In this society, intimacy is accepted in the confines of the marriage institu tion. And most people get into marriage without any prior knowledge or experience in matters of intimacy and sexuality (‘The Status of Jewish and Palestinian woman in Israel’). The views that are held by the orthodox on intimacy and sexuality can be attributed to the ideals that they hold on their religious practices. The ideals of the community are based on the teaching of the torah. They therefore do not

The Psychological Effects of Change Management

The Psychological Effects of Change Management An organization is a system of interacting subsystems and components set within wider systems and environments which provide inputs to the system and which receive its outputs (Senior, 2002, p.5). That is why each organization affects the system but is being modified by the latter as well. According to Armstrong (2009, p.404), as there is no such thing as ideal organization the change is vital. The author argues that by facing each problem, the organisation should be modified in order to achieve the best fit between the structure and the circumstances (2009, p. 405). On the other hand, an organization has different components such as employees which are the essential assets for a company, highly likely they will be affected from the change management of the organization in different ways. There is no doubt that the most important impact is the psychological one for the employees which is considered as resistance to the new management system. These effects should be managed carefully in order to facilitate the change process. Contrary to those who believe that change can only be successful through coercive measures, this paper argues that change must be implemented through a positive approach which consists of a dialogue process with employees. The communication and the presentation of the change management plan will allow employees to express their thoughts and feelings about it. Because their reaction is taken into account, they will feel part of the change process, and they will be more likely to adapt to a given change. This, at the end, will ease the implementation of change, and will help the company to finalize this process in a more peaceful and successful way. Firstly, the concept of change management concept will be explained briefly. Secondly, the concept of resistance and the psychological effects on the employees such as shock of the new, inconvenience, fear of failure will be discussed, and finally, the mitigation methods which depend on the choice of change management programme will be enum erated such as communication, presentation of the change management plan, and bargaining which will be discussed with their effects. THE CONCEPT OF CHANGE MANAGEMENT The change management is the way of dealing with a possible change process since that every company should be ready for a potential modification in the system in order not to be effected by it in a negative way. The concept is defined by Armstrong such as the process of achieving the smooth implementation of change by planning and introducing it systematically, taking into account the likelihood of it being resisted (2009, p.424). Although the change is the only thing that stays constant in the organization (Armstrong, 2009, p.424), and that is the reason why the change management has a vital place in the organizational life. Change starts with a need of modification in the system and happens during a process. Even though nothing disturbs the organizational life, change will happen in a range of time (Senior, 2002). The reason why the change emerges can be internal or external. The former consists of a revision of the administration, redesign of group jobs, external factors can be ei ther social-cultural or political (Senior, 2002, p.5). There exist three types of change: strategic change which is a long term modification, operational change which is related to a change of a part of an organisation and transformational change which affects dramatically the structure, the process and behaviours of the organization (Armstrong, 2009, p.425). In either way a change management programme is highly required to companies. There is a variety of change programmes, and everyone has its own approach, but five characteristics are common between these according to Binney and Williams : vision, telling people what that vision is, top management determination, planning and programming and adopting the best practice (2005. p.296). The management process aims success by decreasing the resistance against the change. The PSYCHOLOGICAL IMPACTS OF THE CHANGE MANAGEMENT The change management has psychological effects on employees because of the fact that every modification creates a resistance to the organization. As the former will create a new system for them, it can be said that every change management programme is the change itself. As psychological impacts, shock of the new (Armstrong, 2009, p. 431) can be cited, it means that employees will go through a process that they do not know, and they are afraid of it since it is unknown: the new situation will be distinct from the routine. There is also inconvenience (Armstrong, 2009, p.431) because they may think that their life may be more difficult than the previous one. Moreover, the change causes economic fears and uncertainty of the new situation and the latter symbolises a threat to interpersonal relationships that they build during their former organizational life. The new system will probably bring new rules, and they will need to integrate themselves to the new procedures: as to Steers and Black, they may doubt about their competences and they may have a fear of failure (1994, p. 669). Furthermore, it is also the fact that group norms and role prescriptions can be changed and their status may not be the same as the former. As it has been enumerated before, the employees will face a different aspect of their own organization, their habit and their group norms will change and there will be multiple effects on their psychology. That is the reason why employees will show some kind of a reaction called individual resistance (Steers, Black, 1994, p. 668) to the implication of the change management. The resistance can even cause the failure of the im plementation since employees are the most important assets of the organization. The psychological impact has been covered of five stages by Carnall (1990), which can be helpful to understand the resistances change. These five steps are general ones which employees pass through during the process of change. The first stage is denial (1999, p.211) where the employee does not admit that he needs a change in the organization and tries not to accept any changes with a disbelieve to his employers. Carnall argues that it is a warning period and there will be no decrease of performance. The second stage is the defence(1999, p.212) where the employee gets the new position or the new environment but does not want to do it and find excuses related to the new situation. The third one is discarding (1999, p. 212) when employee starts to let go the past, and starts to getting used to the new procedure. This is where employee accepts that the change was inevitable (1999, p.213). Stage four is adaptation (1999, p. 213) where the integration of the employee is realized and every thing works according to the plan. The last one is the internalization where the new change management plan has been became a normal one (1999, p.214): it is the phase where the normalization of the behaviour occurred. The MITIGATION of THE PSYCOLOGICAL IMPACTS The psychological impact should be mitigated in order to realize the change management aimed. Human element is the prime benchmark at this point, it means that every effort must be made according to the interests of those who have been affected by change (Senior, 2002). Mitigation will help to make the employees accept the change management more easily and adapt them to the new sturucture that they are willing to face. It should be underlined that the mitigation effect depend on the change management nature that has been chosen by the administration. Overcoming the psychological effects can be done in multiple ways, the best is to present the change management programme to the employees and try to get them into the project in order to reach a better level of integration. The communication is essential at this point (Armstrong, 2009), it does not mean that the employee will have influence on the change, but at least they will be able to predict their future, which will bring the decrease of the fear that they feel. It is not necessarily an active participation of employees, but an explanation of the reasons why the company choose to make a modification on the current model of management, and its plan in order not to make frighten employees. Every affects that will be faced depend on the introducing method; it may make people a part of the plan and will push them to collaborate with the company. After communication process, the company should also identify the possible fears and their reasons, and after, the administration should find ways to resolve the problems which may occur during the process (Armstrong, 2009). This kind of an attitude will not only help the integration of the employees to the new system but also will provide more credit to current the administration. On the other hand this communication phase can be done as participation to the decision making. The administration can listen to the employees carefully and take them idea as well for understanding in a better way their point about the change (Beech, Kenna, 2008, p. 95). In that case alienation of employees to the change will be less. The company could choose a step forward of communication: bargaining. In that case the employee is having a role in the process. Thurlys model is a well example, this plan has five steps as directive, bargaining, heart and minds, analytical approach and action based. In this case, the change management is imposed to the employees by the management power at first, but then the process is negotiated between the employee and the employer which will help the administration to understand the possible psychological effects of the change, and modify the plan according to it. A brain storming is being done and the management power will find the best way to adapt the new system. In that model the employee is not only a part of the plan but also is facing the administration which will give the feeling of importance to the employee. Moreover, Beech and Kenna share the same idea, according to them when the administration choose a bargaining method (2008, p.95) the company can attract more people to collaborate in an easy way and employees who had been helped the administration can have a better position in the change management process. Furthermore, training and skill development programmes (Beech, Kenna, 2008) can be used in order to decrease the psychological impacts as fear of failure or inconvenience. On the other hand, the physiological effects can be managed by coercion (direct threat), manipulation, withholding negative data (Beech, Kenna, 2008, p. 95). There is no doubt that the administration will show it force on the employees by these methods but is should be underlined that the fear will be more in long term, and additionally the employees will lose their thrust to the administration. Beer et Al argue that people can adopt to a new organizational system and the change should be done in a sharply way but showing the overcome is always a better way, since the behaviour and conscience are related to each other (Armstrong, 2009, p. 428), and more the employee will see the outcome, the more he will adapt itself to the new situation. CONCLUSION As a conclusion, change for every company is a must since it is interrelated to the system and because of the inputs and outputs, change becomes inevitable. Every organization needs to have a change management plan for being prepared to a new organizational system. There are multiple change management programmes; their common point is their aim which is to decrease the effects of change. Additionally, to every plan there will be a resistance; it is result of fear, prejudice, anxiety and ignorance (Calmon, Paton, 1992, p. 9) the change management plan has psychological impacts on employees such as shock, inconvenience, fear of failure. They live it in five stages as denial, defence, discarding, adaptation, internalization according to Carnall. The psychological effects can be mitigated by communication, participation of the employees to the management plan and bargaining. On the other hand coercion can be a way as well, but the best way is to handle the process by a positive way becau se of the fact that the employee is the most important asset of the company moreover the programme will be more efficient, and easy to adapt.

why everyone should own 1 punk cd Essay -- essays research papers

Outline for Persuasive Speech Topic: Why everyone should own one Punk CD. 1. a. By a show of hands I would like to see how many of you listen to Punk Rock. Today I’d like to talk to you about this genre of music that was created in reaction to other forms of music, and hopefully influence you to check it out and maybe even buy a CD. i. I’ve been listening to punk since as early as the 5th grade. â€Å"Punk† (make quote sign) is a term applied to a child or teenager who acts in an antisocial way. Punk music is a form of rebellion, and it turned against all other musical forms and influences at its time of creation. Punk music is as much cultural as it is musical. It is anarchic, against society, and against everything in established order. ii. I’d like to give you a brief history, the philosophy behind the music, and how what you hear today on the radio isn’t quite the same. I’ve included a few of the bands that I like to give you an idea what I’m talking about. Punk rock is much more than just music as music is just expressions of what people hold dear to them. Transition statement: But since I don’t have all day to talk lets go to a brief history. A LITTLE BIT OF HISTORY Most of the first wave of British punk were born from art schools. Members from The Clash, Sex pistols, Damned, Wire, Adam and the ants, and Siouxsie and the Banshees had all come from such places in and around London. A large contingent came from in and around the Kings road area of west London, and a lot of the first wave knew of each other first hand- Tony James (Gen X), Mick Jones (Clash). Topper Headen (Clash) and Keith Levine (Clash, Public Image) had all been in the London SS, a Proto-punk band featuring the aforementioned all-star line-up. Shortly after The SS split, Tony James went to form Chelsea with future Generation X member and MTV pop star Billy Idol. In addition they recruited future Damned Guitarist and leader Brian James. The Clash's Leader, Joe Strummer had been plying his trade in the pub rock scene, which was instrumental to the rise of punk, with his previous band the 101'ers. As soon as he saw the Pistols, he knew his band was outdated. Strummer was actually an ex public schoolboy, and his dad was a worker in the national treasury of some sort. Other bands, such as the UK subs had also evolved from pub rock- Charlie Harper was in the marauders prior to forming the sub... ...e people its all about who out punk or be more hardcore than the next punk. People who disregard other punks for the type of punk they listen to. The most disregarded punks are the ones who listen to some commercialized music. This in general to me is ok to a certain degree. If you love the music and it means something to you it is ok with me, but if you are just listening to it because other people do or you are just radio oriented for any band I dislike it. Punks shouldn't deem those who listen to some commercial music and love it posers. That is wrong to me. Everyone knows that for how many punks there are in an area there are usually just as many posers. The people who I think qualify as posers are radio oriented, do things or listen to a band just because other true punks are and have no love for it, people who just do it for the style, and people with a punk attitude with no beliefs to back it up. You will never see a person listening to rap or techno listening to punk musi c, but as a punk, we are taught to be more open to different styles of music, because punk is not a contest, it is unity, love for the music, an attitude, a lifestyle, and many other things to be true to.

Death of a Salesman Essay Outline

Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller (1915-2005) Explore the ways in which Miller constructs the identity of Willy Loman and what is suggested by his interactions with his work and his wife in this extract. Thesis Statement:In the passage, Miller criticises society for being stifling and breaking down youths once full of passion into meek workers resigned to their fate. To convey this, Miller uses Loman, an exaggerated version of what the population is going through. They are battered from exhaustion, too accommodating as they are afraid of change and also mentally crushed.Topic Sentence 1Miller constructs the identity of Willy Loman as one that largely comprises of him being â€Å"the Salesman†. The entire dialogue in the passage was dedicated to work, although they were placed in a homely setting, showing that it is hard to separate the private self with the public working self. Evidence from passage: The identity â€Å"the Salesman† is one that identifies Loman the m ost accurately. The title, â€Å"death of a salesman†, also shows that the identity of being a salesman triumphs over all his other identities and even his name. He is also depicted to be living a very rigid, robot-like life.Evidence from passage: Each action is stated clearly in a mechanical manner. â€Å"He closes the door† â€Å"then carries his cases out into the living room† or â€Å"unlocks the door† â€Å"comes into the kitchen† â€Å"thankfully lets his burden down† â€Å"feeling the soreness of his palm† Topic Sentence 2Loman is also seen to be, after 60 years of his life in this stifling capitalism system, resigned to his fate. He is beaten down and is dubious of new prospects as he is much too comfortable and familiar to his current life. Evidence from passage:â€Å"You’re too accommodating, dear. â€Å"I couldn’t make it† â€Å"his massive dreams and little cruelties, served her only as sharp reminde rs of the turbulent longings within him, longings which she shares but lacks the temperament to utter and follow to their end. This inability to change his life in real life seems to manifest into wild imaginations, where he lives out his dreams. Evidence from passage: â€Å"But it’s so beautiful up there† Speaks of his dream-like imagination with wonder, although it was a dangerous situation. Topic Sentence 3Much like his name, â€Å"Willy†, Loman is seen to be much of a willy-nilly and seems disordered and haphazard.Miller constructs this through the use of the Loman’s erratic dialogue with his wife. The constant repetition of phrases and restating his points Evidence from passage: â€Å"I couldn’t make it. I just couldn’t make it, Linda†, â€Å"I stopped for a cup of coffee. Maybe it was the coffee. † Conclusion:Loman criticises society for breaking down a man, stripping him of his individual identity as a person and giving him the identity of a worker. This life manages to drive Willy to slight insanity, and self-doubt so serious that he is unable to provoke any change in his life.

Smaller Public Companies and Sox

Should Smaller Public Companies be Exempted from Complying with SOX Section 404(b)? ABSTACT On July 21, 2010 the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act provided the non-accelerated public companies (those with a market capital below $75 million) a permanent exemption from complying with the Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX) Section 404(b). The Section 404(b) would have required these smaller companies to do what larger companies over the $75 million market cap are currently doing; requiring an external auditor to audit their internal controls over financial reporting.However, what may seem like a huge win for the smaller companies who long have complained about the cost out weighing the benefits of complying with the standard, does not appear that way to everyone. INTRODUCTION Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX) Act Section’s 404 (a) and (b) were created to help restore the public’s trust in what public companies are reporting in their financial statements, as well as the opinio ns on the reports that the auditors are providing on the financial statements.SOX 404(a) implies that managements of public companies assess and report on whether their internal controls over financial reporting (ICFR) are effective (United States Securities and Exchange Commission [SEC], 2009); in order to ensure that those requirements in Section 404(a) are being met, public companies are required to have an external auditor attest to management’s assessment over the ICFR (SEC, 2009). While SOX 404(a) is required by all public companies, Section 404(b) was required only by large companies (those with a market cap greater that $75 million).As for the smaller public companies (those $75 million and under), they were granted numerous extensions and were eventually permanently exempted. The main purpose of SOX 404 was to alleviate the growing tension between investors, government agencies, and public companies. While the public trust is continuing to be restored, according to r esearch and studies; unintended circumstances of the SOX 404 implementation caused massive financial burdens for smaller public companies (Garrett, 2009).The outcries from the small public companies were answered by numerous extensions on the compliance of SOX 404(b). This was in order to give these companies more time to get their internal controls in place for external auditors to attest to them. Finally, on July 21, 2010, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (Dodd-Frank Act) was passed. The Dodd-Frank Act provided permanent exemption from complying with the SOX 404(b) for non- accelerated public companies (those with a market capital below $75 million) (Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform, 2010, pg. 83). As a result of this Act, another issue surfaced as to why permanently exempt the smaller companies from SOX 404(b). All public companies, to include smaller public companies, should be held to the same standards and be subject to the rules under SOX 404(b). Ins tead of permanently exempted them, the SEC should have came up with a way to make it more cost effective to comply. This paper will address arguments from both sides of the Dodd-Frank Act, and why smaller firms should be required to comply with SOX 404(b).ANALYSIS The permanent exemption comes as a relief for the small public companies as complying with SOX 404(a) has been very expensive and time consuming. By adding to the cost associated with complying with SOX 404(b), it would be more than they would be able to handle. A study conducted by Financial Executives International, showed that the cost of complying with SOX for those public companies whose market cap was under $100 million was approximately $824,000 compared to $1. million for those who market cap is between $100 million to $500 million, at the time the article was written (Wolkoff, 2005). Furthermore, Wolkoff (2005) goes on to say that at the AMEX median, the median revenue for its companies are $57 million, which mean s that for these companies to comply with SOX 404(b) it would cost close to 1. 5% of its median revenue(Wolkoff, 2005). Specifically, Wolkoff states that this could â€Å"severely† have a negative impact on these companies operating margins and â€Å"in many cases to near zero — and depleting funds available for a reinvestment† (Wolkoff, 2005, pg. ). In addition, resources that could be used for other more important business needs would be diverted to costly â€Å"tedious documentation requirements†, and would not be worth the benefits derived (Garrett 2009, pg. 1). Even after the creation of Auditing Standard No. 5 (AS5), a study done by George Washington University, found that the decrease that larger public companies found with the relief provided from AS5 was not the case for smaller public companies (Garrett, 2009).Furthermore, NASDAQ research showed that based on revenue percentage it would cost 11 times more for smaller companies than larger compan ies to comply with SOX 404 (b), which creates an â€Å"unfair competitive advantage for larger companies† (Garrett, 2009 pg. 1-2). Not to mention that these smaller companies believe that the cost associated with SOX 404(b) far outweighs the benefits of compliance (Wolkoff, 2005).On the other hand, opponent’s of the Dobb-Frank Act believes that despite the George Washington University and NASDAQ studies, SOX 404 costs are still expected to go down and that the reduction is not only due to the implementation of AS5, but because of other factors. For instance, the cost of complying with SOX 404 is expected to continue to go down as companies continue to implement and document effective controls and move into the â€Å"maintenance phase of monitoring and reporting† (How Potential Changes in Small-Company, 2006, pg. 7).As this relates to SOX 404(b), this could also mean that once the external auditors have completed their first audit of the company’s internal controls and improvements are made based on the outcome of the audit, audit fees should go down because the audits will become easier since any ineffective internal controls should have been or is being addressed. Another SOX 404(b) obstacle that proponents of the Dobb-Frank Act believed threatened the small companies was that the Securities Exchange Commission (SEC) was trying to take a â€Å"one size fits all† approach.Meaning, the SEC was trying to use the same standards for both large and small companies when regulating corporate governance. Proponents felt that this was unfeasible because larger companies were in a better financial position to handle the expense for consultant and external audit fees that came with the SOX 404 regulations. For example, an increased auditing bill to $500 thousand for a company who has a $10 billion market cap would not have the same effect on a company with a market cap of $100 million (Wolkoff, 2005).Conversely, an analysis done by CRA International for the Big Four, reported that audit fees did not make up the majority of the cost associated with SOX 404. Specifically, the smaller of the larger companies that had to comply with all sections of SOX 404 (i. e. , those with market caps between $75 and $700 million); 35% of those costs were related to audit cost (How Potential Changes in Small-Company, 2006) as it relates to SOX 404(b). Additionally, those companies with a market cap over $700 million, only 26% were related to audit cost (How Potential Changes in Small-Company, 2006).Although the compliance with SOX 404(b) was implemented to restore investor’s confidence, Wolkoff (2005) states that in doing so caused a deterrent in the number of small firms that would go public both domestically and overseas. The Amex has seen the impact as the number of small companies that have delisted from the Exchange has increased (Wolkoff, 2005), and those that would have joined decided not to, which reduces the number of initial public offerings in the United States.The SOX Act, specifically, Sections 404(a) and (b), didn’t take into account that large companies have a more complex business structure, which makes for more complex accounting practices (Wolkoff, 2005). For example, the segregation of duties obstacles that many smaller companies are faced with and do not have the resources to fix this control problem. According to Wolkoff (2005), the SEC should have taken that into consideration the â€Å"market cap† or â€Å"minimal revenue† that a company generates and apply different standards accordingly (pg. 1).Another point that proponents of the Dobb-Frank Act made was that scandals like Enron are least likely to happen in smaller public companies. The reasoning behind this is that smaller companies are not normally out to cheat themselves. This is because these smaller companies are usually run by the people that founded the companies or closely related (Wolkoff, 2005). However, by requiring smaller public companies to comply with SOX 404(b), will not only ensure that they are in compliance with SOX 404(a), but it will also help these companies by uncovering inefficiencies in some processes.This in turn will help the companies because it will â€Å"†¦makes fraud harder to commit and easier to detect† (Aguilar, 2010, pg. 33). Especially since smaller companies are in a better position and at greater risk for committing fraud and accounting manipulations (Aguilar, 2010). Furthermore, who is to say those smaller companies’ investors do not deserve the same level of confidence and â€Å"financial reporting safeguards† that larger public companies’ investors are receiving (Solnik, 2010).In addition, studies have shown a correlation between â€Å"weak internal controls and poorer earnings relative to effective internal controls† (Hamilton, J. , 2009). In time of a declining economy, the temptations for fraudulent r eporting is increased and by having smaller companies comply with SOX 404(b) serves as a deterrent for those temptations (Hamilton, J. , 2009). Lastly, smaller public companies feel that they have already spent a lot of money just to be in compliance with SOX 404(a), and do not feel the need to be monitored by external auditors.This is because they feel that are capable of monitoring, finding, and remediating deficiencies through internal audits (Solnik, 2010). However, as previously mentioned, SOX 404(b) was not only put in place to ensure that public companies were in compliance with SOX 404(a), but to also have it attested by an independent auditor. This not only helps restore investor’s confidence, but also provides the public companies beneficial information as to whether or not they have proper controls in place and/or additional controls are needed.Moreover, small companies may be putting themselves at risk especially, if the investors penalized them for not meeting th e â€Å"transparency norms† that is projected by external auditors (Silverstein, 2008 pg. 26). Especially since there are approximately 7,300 smaller public companies, which accounts for 65% of the overall public companies (Hamilton, J. 2009). CONCLUSION While there are good cases made from both sides of the Dobb-Frank Act, permanently exempted smaller companies doesn’t solve the issue of ensuring compliance with SOX 404(a) is being followed.More importantly, it doesn’t provide the smaller public investors with the same confidences as large public investors as to whether or not the proper controls are in place, and/or whether the controls are effective. By having external auditors attest to ICFR it will provide the smaller companies’ investors the same boost of confidences as its larger counterparts. Instead of permanent exemption, other means should be looked at in order to make it to where it is cost effective to comply with SOX 404(b).Also, as recommen ded by the Key Advisory Committee, â€Å"[e]xempt some smaller public companies entirely from SOX 404 reporting requirements, but add stricter corporate governance requirements for those companies† (How Potential Changes in Small-Company, 2006, pg. 6). That way we will not have to wait until another scandal is made public to scramble and make these changes; as the old saying goes, â€Å"It’s not if, but when†. REFERENCES Aguilar,  M. (2010,  May). Small filers struggle with internal controls over fraud. Compliance Week,  7(76),  33,74.Retrieved from ABI/INFORM Trade & Industry. Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act. Conference Report to Accompany H. R. 4173. House of Representative , 111th Cong. 583 (2010). Garrett, S. 2009. Garrett introduces SOX exemption for small businesses, Press release, Oct. 8,2009. Hamilton,  J. (2009, June). Section 404 works and is important for small companies, Aguilar feels. SEC Filings Insight,1,4. Retr ieved from ABI/INFORM Global. How potential changes in small-company SOX regulations could affect your firm. (2006,  February).Accounting Office Management & Administration Report,  06(2),  1,6+. Retrieved from ABI/INFORM Trade & Industry Silverstein, M. (2008,  December). (Sarbanes-Oxley Revisited:) The Good, the Bad, the Lessons. New Jersey Business,  54(12),  26. Retrieved from ABI/INFORM Dateline Solnik, C. (2010,  July). Small companies push to gain permanent exemption from Sarbanes-Oxley requirement Silverstein nts. Long Island Business News. Retrieved from ABI/INFORM Dateline. United States Securities and Exchange Commission, Office of Economic Analysis. 2009). Study of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 Section 404 Internal Control over Financial Reporting Requirements. Retrieved from http://www. sec. gov/news/studies/2009/sox-404_study. pdf Whitehouse,  T. (2009,  April). SOX 404 Compliance Improves for All but the Small. Compliance Week,  6(63),  42-43. R etrieved from ABI/INFORM Trade & Industry. Wolkoff, N. L   (2005,  August). Sarbanes-Oxley Is a Curse for Small-Cap Companies. Wall Street Journal (Eastern Edition),  p. A. 13. Retrieved from ABI/INFORM Global.

French Noun Endings Can Be a Telltale Sign of Gender

French Noun Endings Can Be a Telltale Sign of Gender French gender  is a headache for many students of French. Why is manteau masculine and montre feminine? Why is  tà ©moin  always masculine and  victime  always feminine? As vexing as this subject is for nonnative speakers, we simply have to accept that French gender is here to stay. In fact, consider yourself lucky that youre studying French; in German and Latin, for instance, youd have to learn three genders (masculine, feminine and neuter), and in still other languages, it gets even more complicated. It might help to know that grammatical  gender (what were discussing here) has nothing to do with natural gender, which is actual, physical gender of living beings. Linguist Andrew Livingston tells us grammatical gender is a way of classing nouns thats older than recorded history. Its deeply embedded in the DNA of an array of Indo-European languages that trace their lineage to a common ancestor, which probably needed to differentiate between the animate and the inanimate. In French, theres simply no way to know the gender of every single noun other than by memorizing the gender of each. There are, however, certain patterns in suffixes and word endings that are a tip-off. As you can see by the number of exceptions here, these gender patterns are not foolproof indicators, but they can help. Before we begin, a couple of notes: We try to list the most common and, thus, most useful exceptions; we avoid obscure exceptions. Also, to avoid confusion, we do not list  dual-gender nouns.   French Masculine Nouns Here are some suffixes that usually indicate masculine nouns, as well as some important exceptions. -ageExceptions: la cage, une image, la nage, la page, la plage, la rage -b -bleExceptions: une cible, une à ©table, une fable, une table -cException: la fac (apocope of la facultà ©) -cleException: une boucle -d -deExceptions: la bride, la merde, la mà ©thode, la pinà ¨de; -ade, -nde, -ude endings -à ©Exceptions: la clà ©, la psychà ©; sà ©, tà ©, and tià © endings -eauExceptions: leau, la peau -à ¨geException: la Norvà ¨ge -et -eurNote:  This applies mainly to names of professions and mechanical or scientific things; also see -eur in the list of feminine endings. -fExceptions: la soif, la clef, la nef -iExceptions: la foi, la fourmi, la loi, la paroi -ing -isme -k -lException: une roseval -mException: la faim -meExceptions: une alarme, une à ¢me, une arme, la cime, la coutume, la crà ¨me, là ©cume, une à ©nigme, une estime, une ferme, une firme, une forme, une larme, une plume, une rame, une rime, -mme ending -mentException: une jument -nExceptions: la faà §on, la fin, la leà §on, la main, la maman, la ranà §on; -son and -ion endings -oExceptions: la dactylo, la dynamo, la libido, la mà ©tà ©o, la moto, la steno (most of these are apocopes of longer feminine words) -oir -one -ou -p -rExceptions: la chair, la cour, la cuiller, la mer, la tour (see feminine -eur) -sExceptions: la brebis, la fois, une oasis, la souris, la vis -steExceptions: la liste, la modiste, la piste; names for people like un(e) artiste, un(e) nudiste, etc. -tExceptions: la burlat, la dent, la dot, la forà ªt, la jument, la mort, la nuit, la part, la plupart, la ziggourat -treExceptions: la fenà ªtre, une huà ®tre, la lettre, la montre, la rencontre, la vitre -uExceptions: leau, la peau, la tribu, la vertu -xExceptions: la croix, la noix, la paix, la toux, la voix Feminine Noun Endings Here are some suffixes that usually indicate feminine nouns, as well as some important exceptions. Remember, we list here the most common endings, because these will be the most useful for you to know. -aceExceptions: un ace, un palace -adeExceptions: le grade, le jade, le stade -aleExceptions: un chà ¢le, un pà ©tale, un scandale -ance -beExceptions: un cube, un globe, un microbe, un tube, un verbe -ceExceptions: un artifice, un armistice, un appendice, le bà ©nà ©fice, le caprice, le commerce, le dentifrice, le divorce, un exercice, un office, un orifice, un prà ©cipice, un prince, un sacrifice, un service, le silence, le solstice, le supplice, un vice -cà ©Exception: un crustacà © -eNote:  Most countries and names that end in e are feminine. -eeException: un pedigree -à ©eExceptions: un apogà ©e, un lycà ©e, un musà ©e, un pà ©rigà ©e, un trophà ©e -esse -eurNote: This applies mainly to abstract qualities and emotions, except le bonheur, lextà ©rieur, lhonneur, lintà ©rieur, le malheur, le meilleur. Also see -eur  on the list of masculine endings. -feException: le golfe -ieExceptions: un incendie, le foie, le gà ©nie, le parapluie, le sosie -ià ¨reExceptions: larrià ¨re, le cimetià ¨re, le derrià ¨re -ineExceptions: le capitaine, le domaine, le moine, le magazine, le patrimoine -ionExceptions: un avion, un bastion, un billion, un camion, un cation, un dominion, un espion, un ion, un lampion, un lion, un million, le morpion, un pion, un scion, un scorpion, un trillion -iqueExceptions: un graphique, un pà ©riphà ©rique -ireExceptions: un auditoire, un commentaire, un dictionnaire, un directoire, un horaire, un itinà ©raire, livoire, un laboratoire, un navire, un pourboire, le purgatoire, le rà ©pertoire, le salaire, le sommaire, le sourire, le territoire, le vocabulaire -ise -iteExceptions: lanthracite, un ermite, le granite, le graphite, le mà ©rite, lopposite, le plà ©biscite, un rite, un satellite, un site, un termite -lleExceptions: le braille, un gorille, un intervalle, un mille, un portefeuille, le vaudeville, le vermicelle, le violoncelle -mmeExceptions: un dilemme, un gramme, un programme -ndeException: le monde -nne -oleExceptions: le contrà ´le, le monopole, le rà ´le, le symbole -rreExceptions: le beurre, le parterre, le tonnerre, le verre -seExceptions: un carosse, un colosse, le gypse, linverse, un malaise, un pamplemousse, un parebrise, le suspense -sà ©Exceptions: un exposà ©, un opposà © -sion -sonExceptions: un blason, un blouson -tà ©Exceptions: un arrà ªtà ©, le comità ©, le comtà ©, le cà ´tà ©, un dà ©putà ©, un à ©tà ©, le pà ¢tà ©, le traità © -tià © -tionException: le bastion -udeExceptions: le coude, un interlude, le prà ©lude -ueException: un abaque -uleExceptions: le prà ©ambule, le scrupule, le tentacule, le testicule, le và ©hicule, le ventricule, le vestibule ï » ¿-ureExceptions: le centaure, le cyanure, le dinosaure, le murmure